我们考虑在线模仿学习（OIL），其中的任务是找到一项通过与环境的积极互动来模仿专家的行为的政策。我们旨在通过分析最流行的石油算法之一匕首来弥合石油政策优化算法之间的差距。具体而言，如果一类政策足以包含专家政策，我们证明匕首会持续遗憾。与以前需要损失的界限不同，我们的结果只需要较弱的假设，即损失相对于策略的足够统计数据（而不是其参数化）。为了确保对更广泛的政策和损失类别的收敛，我们以额外的正则化项增强了匕首。特别是，我们提出了一个遵循定制领导者（FTRL）的变体及其用于石油的自适应变体，并开发了与FTL的内存需求相匹配的记忆效率实现。假设损失的功能是平稳的，并且相对于政策参数凸出，我们还证明，FTRL对任何足够表达的政策类别都持续遗憾，同时保留了$ O（\ sqrt {t}）$，在最坏的情况下遗憾案子。我们通过实验对合成和高维控制任务的实验证明了这些算法的有效性。

通过一系列联邦举措和命令，美国政府一直在努力确保美国在AI中的领导。这些广泛的战略文件影响了美国空军美国部（DAF）等组织。DAF-MIT AI加速器是DAF和MIT之间的一项计划，以弥合AI研究人员与DAF任务要求之间的差距。DAF-MIT AI加速器支持的几个项目正在开发公共挑战问题，这些问题解决了许多联邦AI研究的重点。这些挑战是通过公开可用的大型AI-Ready数据集，激励开源解决方案，并为可以激发进一步研究的双重使用技术创建需求信号，来针对优先事项。在本文中，我们描述了正在开发的这些公共挑战以及它们的应用如何促进科学进步。

多视图数据是指特征被分成特征集的设置，例如因为它们对应于不同的源。堆叠惩罚的逻辑回归（Staplr）是最近引入的方法，可用于分类并自动选择对预测最重要的视图。我们将此方法的扩展引入到数据具有分层多视图结构的位置。我们还为STAPLR介绍了一个新的视图重要性措施，这使我们能够比较层次结构的任何级别的视图的重要性。我们将扩展的STAPLR算法应用于Alzheimer的疾病分类，其中来自三种扫描类型的不同MRI措施：结构MRI，扩散加权MRI和休息状态FMRI。Staplr可以识别哪种扫描类型以及MRI措施对于分类最重要，并且在分类性能方面优于弹性净回归。

有限和最小化的方差减少（VR）方法通常需要对往复且难以估计的问题依赖性常数的知识。为了解决这个问题，我们使用自适应梯度方法的想法来提出ADASVRG，这是SVRG的更强大变体，即常见的VR方法。 ADASVRG在SVRG的内循环中使用Adagrad，使其稳健地选择阶梯大小。当最小化N平滑凸函数的总和时，我们证明了ADASVRG的变体需要$ \ TINDE {O}（N + 1 / ePSILON）$梯度评估，以实现$ O（\ epsilon）$ - 次优，匹配典型速率，但不需要知道问题依赖性常数。接下来，我们利用Adagrad的属性提出了一种启发式，可以自适应地确定ADASVRG中的每个内循环的长度。通过对合成和现实世界数据集的实验，我们验证了ADASVRG的稳健性和有效性，证明了其对标准和其他“无调谐”VR方法的卓越性能。

结构化参数空间的自然梯度下降（NGD）（例如，低级CovariRces）是由于困难的Fisher矩阵计算而在计算上具有挑战性。我们通过使用\ emph {local-parameter坐标}来解决此问题，以获取灵活且高效的NGD方法，适用于各种结构化参数化。我们显示了四个应用程序，我们的方法（1）概括指数自然进化策略，（2）恢复现有的牛顿样算法，（3）通过矩阵组产生新的结构化二阶算法，（4）给出了新的算法高斯和基于Wishart的分布的协方差。我们展示了深度学习，变分推论和进化策略的一系列问题。我们的工作为可扩展结构化几何方法开辟了新的方向。

Massive data corpora like WebText, Wikipedia, Conceptual Captions, WebImageText, and LAION have propelled recent dramatic progress in AI. Large neural models trained on such datasets produce impressive results and top many of today's benchmarks. A notable omission within this family of large-scale datasets is 3D data. Despite considerable interest and potential applications in 3D vision, datasets of high-fidelity 3D models continue to be mid-sized with limited diversity of object categories. Addressing this gap, we present Objaverse 1.0, a large dataset of objects with 800K+ (and growing) 3D models with descriptive captions, tags, and animations. Objaverse improves upon present day 3D repositories in terms of scale, number of categories, and in the visual diversity of instances within a category. We demonstrate the large potential of Objaverse via four diverse applications: training generative 3D models, improving tail category segmentation on the LVIS benchmark, training open-vocabulary object-navigation models for Embodied AI, and creating a new benchmark for robustness analysis of vision models. Objaverse can open new directions for research and enable new applications across the field of AI.

Runtime monitoring provides a more realistic and applicable alternative to verification in the setting of real neural networks used in industry. It is particularly useful for detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs, for which the network was not trained and can yield erroneous results. We extend a runtime-monitoring approach previously proposed for classification networks to perception systems capable of identification and localization of multiple objects. Furthermore, we analyze its adequacy experimentally on different kinds of OOD settings, documenting the overall efficacy of our approach.

Attention-based multiple instance learning (AMIL) algorithms have proven to be successful in utilizing gigapixel whole-slide images (WSIs) for a variety of different computational pathology tasks such as outcome prediction and cancer subtyping problems. We extended an AMIL approach to the task of survival prediction by utilizing the classical Cox partial likelihood as a loss function, converting the AMIL model into a nonlinear proportional hazards model. We applied the model to tissue microarray (TMA) slides of 330 lung cancer patients. The results show that AMIL approaches can handle very small amounts of tissue from a TMA and reach similar C-index performance compared to established survival prediction methods trained with highly discriminative clinical factors such as age, cancer grade, and cancer stage

We introduce a linguistically enhanced combination of pre-training methods for transformers. The pre-training objectives include POS-tagging, synset prediction based on semantic knowledge graphs, and parent prediction based on dependency parse trees. Our approach achieves competitive results on the Natural Language Inference task, compared to the state of the art. Specifically for smaller models, the method results in a significant performance boost, emphasizing the fact that intelligent pre-training can make up for fewer parameters and help building more efficient models. Combining POS-tagging and synset prediction yields the overall best results.

Scaling up neural networks has led to remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks. Moreover, performance often follows reliable scaling laws as a function of training set size, model size, and compute, which offers valuable guidance as large-scale experiments are becoming increasingly expensive. However, previous work on scaling laws has primarily used private data \& models or focused on uni-modal language or vision learning. To address these limitations, we investigate scaling laws for contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) with the public LAION dataset and the open-source OpenCLIP repository. Our large-scale experiments involve models trained on up to two billion image-text pairs and identify power law scaling for multiple downstream tasks including zero-shot classification, retrieval, linear probing, and end-to-end fine-tuning. We find that the training distribution plays a key role in scaling laws as the OpenAI and OpenCLIP models exhibit different scaling behavior despite identical model architectures and similar training recipes. We open-source our evaluation workflow and all models, including the largest public CLIP models, to ensure reproducibility and make scaling laws research more accessible. Source code and instructions to reproduce this study will be available at https://github.com/LAION-AI/scaling-laws-openclip